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Feeling Rejected May Increase Inflammation

By Jennifer Davis

9/8/10 A new study suggests that being rejected in social situations can do more than cause hurt feelings; it may actually increase inflammation and make you sick.

Researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles have found that rejection increases the same inflammatory proteins that drive conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, depression, cardiovascular disease and some types of cancer.

“Usually you see increases in inflammatory activity due to physical injury. If you have a cut in the arm you see increases in inflammatory activity and that’s very adaptive because that response can help fight off pathogens and reduce the likelihood of infection,” says study author George M. Slavich, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow at the UCLA Cousins Center for Psychoneuroimmunology. “It’s interesting that you can get increases in inflammatory activity by exposure to social stressors.”

This new study, published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences involved 124 healthy participants who were put through two potentially stressful social situations: First, the volunteers were brought into a lab and given five minutes to prepare a speech and five minutes to deliver it. Then they were asked to count backwards from 2,935 by increments of seven or 13.  

During the public speaking tasks, two researchers dressed “officially” in lab coats expressed frustration and disapproval at participants’ speed and ability.

Before and after the public speaking tests, oral swabs were taken to measure levels of inflammation while they were exposed to these social stressors. Researchers looked for increases in two inflammatory markers – tumor necrosis factor alpha, or TNF-alpha, and interleukin-6.

During the second part of the study, participants were given MRI brain scans while they played a computerized game of catch.

Though they were actually playing against the computer, they were led to believe that they were playing against other people.

Halfway through the game, the computer dropped the participant from the game of catch in an attempt to create a feeling of social rejection.

Researchers then studied the brain scans to assess neural activity during those moments of social rejection.

What scientists found was that the participants who were dropped from the game had more activity in brain areas related to stress and rejection. They also experienced larger increases in their inflammatory markers.

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Virginia Connor
14 Nov 2010, 21:28
I believe social rejection not only led to my OA,but also to my diabetes,HBP,and chronic bronchitis(genetics play the other part with the first 3 since my parents had those too). I always felt like I was pushed outside the sociogram in school (due to my LD) and still feel the same, even though I graduated from college. If it were not for God, my 3 Border Collies and a few friends here and there, I'd really feel depressed. They all keep me active and hopeful.
Barbara
09 Nov 2010, 13:58
Hi,Just want to say i find the article interesting and the letters were too. It may be helpful for me and i will start to take notice when i hurt more and when i hurt less. Have gone through alot these past two yrs and hope i get to feel better soon. I am in Pt and it helps some and taking an anti-inflamtory.I have had arthrits for at least 10years now and it has finally caught up with me and is the worst its ever been. Thank You for this article, it has made me feel somewhat better knowing i am not alone...
Marilyn
23 Oct 2010, 00:33
KERRI, I just read your story and am crying because Its so much like how i felt when I was 37 with a 7 and 11 yr.old. BUT I had a VERY HELPFUL husband. THANK GOD!!!! I've had JRA since I was 5 and now have Fibromyalgia plus Sjogrens Syn. Plus WPW syn. Plus the list goes on and on. I am 51 and living w'my dtr.and her hubby with my 3 wonderful grandchildren. They Are my Big reason for getting up these days. My husband passed away 4yrs. ago w'massive Heart Attack, I blame myself for putting so much STRESS on him. He saw me through 45+ surgeries and 90+ hospitalizations. He was the one I vented to after a bad day. I would try so hard to have things done before he got home from work BUT never could. My Dtr.was the oldest so she HELPED as much as she could. I am praying for ALL of you who have the stress of raising children,working,keeping house and trying to be a wife TOO. I no STRESS plays a BIG role in my flare-ups THEN and NOW. I am so glad One of my surgeons in 1991 knew what a BIG PART STRESS played on my body and put me on antidepressants (which I rejected at first) I told him I wasnt depressed JUST IN PAIN ALOT He said they would him me handle the pain and help my Husband handle ME and HE WAS RIGHT. Please find the right Dr. Both my children have severe Anxiety Dis. and I wish someone would have helped me cope better SOONER so I could have SPARED them. My kids call me the Bionic Mom because of ALL my Jt.replacements I have metal everywhere. But I am still moving thanks to Orencia and Methotrexate. and Great DOCS. I have been to Pitts.PA,Dallas,TX,Louiville,KY. and Charlotte,NC for TMJ prosthesis,Wrist replacements,ankle fusions,Cervical disc repairs,Lumbar disc fusion, My husband made sure I had the best treatment available and NOW my SON & DTR. are doing the same. THANK GOD
Susan
21 Oct 2010, 16:28
All of these comments have been an eye opener! I am soooooo thankful for the comments. Is it possible that inner pain (rejection, etc) could truly be the cause of arthritis. God is the answer, with letting the negative thoughts go, and replace them with positive ones. We can't control what others think or say about or to us, but MUST chose to let it all go. Could this truly be an answer?
Andrea
09 Oct 2010, 19:11
I must agree with the study results. For the past 3 years, I have been struggling with fitting in with my co-workers. I feel I have never been fully accepted in their small group of friends. I now dread going to work. I was diagnosed with Fibromyalgia about a year ago, and I noticed whenever I have a major confrontation with them, I get a flair-up within a few days of the incident. I never attributed the cause to rejection, but I am a true believer now.
Becky
08 Oct 2010, 14:34
Wow, what will the researchers come up with next? I was laid off from my job after over 11 years of busting my a$$ for them and developing RA during that time. It took a year of being out of work, but I finally stopped having a monthly flare-up of the arthritis. I've been out of work for almost 2 years now, and I am not planning to go back for a while (a couple more years?) until I earn a degree. I had a very high sedament rate when I was young, before I developed the painful joints, so I think I have had it since I was a kid. It wasn't until I started going to a chiropractor that the swollen, stiff and painful joints started. I don't really "get" why they say arthritis is caused by other people. It's a bodies response to stress.
Bunny
07 Oct 2010, 17:22
I have had OA and Fibromyalgia for only a few years after I had a severe fall on my right foot. I also took an antibiotic that was recalled that caused some problems. I don't know about the social rejection theory but it could be true for some. Read my book, Power for Living: A Near-Death Experience from Barnes & Noble or Amazon.com
I hope for you all healing, love, and great friends!
Karen
06 Oct 2010, 22:11
Wow! I am 69 years young now and have been diagnosed with RA,and multiple autoimmune disorders. I was severly abused as a child from about age 3 until I left home. After a bout of PTSD, I recovered only to have a baby die, and since I did not have a family support system, well....one can imagine the stress level. My RA and immune disorders began in ernest when my husband had a severe nervous breakdown and I was forced to run for my life. I have been battling these diseases ever since in various stages of surgical repairs, medications and side-effects. Not only does any sort of added stress bring about flares of RA, but inflammation of lungs, asthma, and even bouts of depression. Fortunately, I was born tough, and resilient enough to bounce back and find moments of joy in my hobbies and friends. I can always tell how I am doing by the art I create and the flowers in my garden. Certainly, severe stressors and the onset of autoimmune disorders is worth focused research. Hugs to you all.
Jennifer
06 Oct 2010, 21:23
I can totally belive this. I have a page on facebook called "Making Autoimmune Conections" we have a great group of almost 600 fans and we all suffer from autoimmune arthritis and of diseases. It's a great place to go and share, and vent and have almost 600 others who understand what you are going through :) *air hugs and much love*
Cindi
06 Oct 2010, 12:18
I was diagnosed with R.A. and Scleroderma a year ago and like all of you have had my share of flare ups and pain.

I have found that focusing my mind and body on positive things is much healthier then looking for negative things that may or may not trigger flare ups.

If you can work with a physical therapist that will help you not only physically but emotionally. A good work out is great for body and mind. If you can't do that, the Arthritis Foundation has free workouts on their website that you can do everyday to keep your joints moving.

You and you alone have the power to decide what you will spend the day thinking about.
There are so many beautiful books available that will tell you how loved and cherished you are by God. No rejection there.

I hope and pray you will begin to let go of the past and focus on a future filled with love and working those joints!
liz
06 Oct 2010, 10:12
I have had the least pain from OA in 27years since my abusive husband died 8years ago. I have remarried. Life is good.
Nina Aguilar
05 Oct 2010, 21:27
I wasn't diagnosed until I was about 20, but I had had bad symptoms for at least 3 years before that. This was back in the early '70's, and one of my college professors showed me a little book about the "rheumatoid personality". Having already studied psychometrics (the science behind making studies), I knew that the rheumatoid personality might just be the result of living with constant pain, and with nobody understanding.
Like all of you, I had a tough childhood, with abuse from the age of 11 onwards. But the year it really got bad was when one of my children died: I needed 3 abdominal surgeries that year, like my body just fell apart. (Lap-choli, TAH, appendectomy) Now, at age 56, I am just beginning to have the time to investigate all the websites. And it does seem to me that there is MORE RA now than ever before. I sure hope the doctors and researchers figure it out soon!
mary
05 Oct 2010, 19:32
This makes perfect sense to me if it is indeed true. My place of employment is my lowest point of self esteem. By the end of the day I am so sore, everywhere, and can barely walk out of the store. When I am at home, I can usually function and things are bearable again. I am unsure when I can change my employment situation but at least know where my problems begin and end.
Wendy
05 Oct 2010, 18:21
I was fired from my job in July with no warning. It caused almost a grief process and my RA has been flaring ever since. Extreme pain in my hips, knees, feet & hands. Worse when I have emotional or stressful situations since then. I do agree with this study.
kerri
05 Oct 2010, 18:08
1st off HAPPY BIRTHDAY "T"!! I CAN RELATE TO SO MANY OF YOU. I WAS JUST DIAGNOSED WITH R.A. THIS PAST JUNE, VERY SEVERE, ACTIVE, AND I ALREADY HAVE SEPARATION IN MY TOES AND SPURS ON MY HEELS AND ANKLES.WHEN PEOPLE ASK WHATS WRONG WITH ME AND U TELL THEM R.A. ALL THEY HEAR IS ARTHRITIS!! THIS IS FRUSTRATING!! AND HURT FULL WHEN THEY ACT LIKE ITS NO BIG DEAL! PEOPLE NEED TO BE EDUCATED ON JUST HOW SEVERE THIS DISEASE IS!HOW ITS IN CONTROL! BECAUSE OF THIS I AM A HIGH STRUNG PERSON. STRESSED AT WORK AND STRESSED AT HOME! IM 37 YEARS OLD, A STORE MANAGER IN THE MALL, AND A MOM TO A 18 AND 7 YR OLD! SENSE MY DAUGHTER GRADUATED AND MOVED OUT THIS PAST JUNE. MY BODY HAS HAD CONTROL OVER MY LIFE! NEVER IN MY LIFE HAVE I EVER CALLED OFF WORK! AND NOW ITS AL LEAST 1 OR 2 TIMES A WEEK, THEN IM STRESSED ON MY LEADING BY EXAMPLE! I FEEL LIKE IM ALWAYS MAD, CRYING, OR PISSED THAT I CAN OPEN OR PICK UP SOMETHING!! THEN BY THE TIME I GET HOME FROM WORK , STRESS OF TRYING TO COOK SUPPER GET THE BOYS HOME WORK DONE ECT., THAT IM EXHAUSTED AND THE HOUSE IS STILL LOOKS LIKE A TORNADO WENT THREW IT!SO MORE STRESSED!! MY BODY HURTS SO BAD ALL THE TIME!! SO NOW AFTER READING THIS TODAY I DESPERATELY NEED TO FIND SOME PEACE IN QUITE!! AND INNER PEACE WITH MYSELF!

GOOD LUCK AND BEST WISHES TO YOU ALL! KERRI
SK
05 Oct 2010, 17:19
I hope these researchers look at domestic abuse victims to see if their inflammation levels are high. Talk about a subject population under chronic stress.
AuntieM
05 Oct 2010, 17:16
I have had Osteoarthritis for about 20 yrs. This comes at a time when I am experiencing really severe pain. I believe in this study. I have had some very emotionally upsetting things happen with a son and grandkids lately. Not going to let it get to me so much anymore - if I can help it.
Prayer, and lots of it, as well as forgiveness and letting go of things that hurt - I am hoping will relieve some of the pain I am dealing with. Thanks SO much for sharing this information!
T
05 Oct 2010, 17:08
I truly believe that rejection does increase pain. My pain has increased these past few days thinking about to day (my birthday) and not getting what I have been wanting, makes me feel rejected. They say, walk a mile in someone elses shoes, is true, let someone walk in mine, for just 5 minutes and they will realize how the pain really is.
Margie
05 Oct 2010, 15:24
Yes, I definately understand this one. My arthritis was worse when my feelings were hurt not being invited to an event that I had looked forward to for quite awhile and with no explanation of why I was not invited.
With hurt feelings and disappointments a person hurt all over.
Vicki
05 Oct 2010, 13:26
I have been always rejected by society (family, friends, bosses, teachers, etc). What is really the problem is that we need more awareness about how tragic and life-altering these diseases really are. If you tell people you have cancer, MS or parkinson's you get sympathy...if you say you have CFS or Rheumatoid Arthritis ...they act like you're just complaining and deserve no sympathy. EDUCATION will be our savior...please spread the word that it is OUR (the patients) responsibility to put our pride aside and explain how bad it really is. become a patient advocate...it will change your life for the better
Anne
05 Oct 2010, 13:23
This is so very true as I have had pain issues since Childhood and my father and Brother never believed it always thought I was trying to get out of Chores on the farm
Mom was skeptical
After I matured and had 2 children and a Bout with cancer then the Doc told My mom all the other issues going on with me R.A and so On and then She understood all the reasons for the Pain
I am now 45 and Just diagnoised with MS and to this day My Brother who thinks He is MR all That Still shows No compassion for anyone who has a Problem as Mine
I do not ask For Any sympathy Actually I am just the Opposite I dont want anyone to know my business I prefer No one knows I have the Issues I do as I want no Sympathy

I do believe In Karma and what goes around Comes around 10 Fold so Anyone who looks down there nose @ us with Our Serious Pain Issues Is going to Get it back Someday
Jeri
05 Oct 2010, 13:08
Because of this info, I plan to focus on the love of God by reading sciptures and praying when I am hurting.
Thanks so much.
Jeri
Susan
05 Oct 2010, 12:52
I came down with active and severe Rheumatoid Arthritis when my son my only child was 10 months old.
I feel that because I did not have the support of family especially my sister at that time before and after my pregnancy and my son birth, that my RA came out. My RA Dr. told me that stress surely brought it out.
I am a single parent, at this time an empty Nester and Life is in Session and Life is good.
There are times though that due to concerns, issues and yes stress that being singled out from a gathering because family and friends think that I can't attend without even asking me makes me depressed. I am a Bionic Mom, having two hips and two recent knee replacements and carrying on. I am independent but ask for help when needed which I have learned to do. Life is not easy, things are improving, but it will take time. Still fell like a social outcast often.
jon moore
05 Oct 2010, 12:09
WE ARE ALL HUMAN/LOVE HURTS
Lori
05 Oct 2010, 11:57
Wow, this could have some teeth! I have lived with my elderly dad since my mother died and it has been down hill all the way!
theresa shields
05 Oct 2010, 11:55
i had a hip replacement and my job said they didn't have an openning for me when i went back and then my sister died last month and i feel sore all over and depressed unless i am envolved with a family and friends activity and then i feel all better till its over.
Linda
05 Oct 2010, 11:39
My Arthritis symptoms began as a teenager when my parents had me under a great deal of pressure to perform well at a lot of different activities. I knew I wasn't as smart as they thought I was and it was difficult to keep up the front they always demanded. Then as an adult, it has been difficult to keep a good job and deal with the demands of dealing with the overwhelming pain of Arthritis in my knees, shoulders, and back. I have to have a good job with good benefits to pay for my medications and good doctors. Yet, every time I have to miss work, I get more and more stressed and worry about losing my job because of consistent absence. It's a vicious circle. Is there a medication for this kind of stress?
Liz
05 Oct 2010, 10:11
I can really relate to this study. My attitude or reactions to certain stressful situations really affects my RA. I can link the onset of my problems with situations of both rejection and stress. The first time I woke up feeling stiff was while attending a funeral of a close relative, and I had just returned to college the week before. There are sooo many more links that I know this just isn't a quirky thing. The question then is, how does one control stress or the feelings of rejection. Surely there is some type of cognitive thinking training that we could benefit from. Learn to love yourself, even if you perceive someone else doesn't. And if you find someone rejecting you (i.e. the sister above) just go on and enjoy people who don't. Don't set yourself up for another rejection.
debbie
05 Oct 2010, 09:45
ever since i was in my teens i have been in situations like this i use to be the one in high school where i was made fun of. I have a sister that don't want me to come over because her friends are coming over (which is all the time) but yet she is glad to have my brother over. along time ago i tried suicide three times for these kind of reasons. now iam 52 and get pains for simple reasons. one thing i have to have in my medicine cabinet is ibuprofen
Laverne
05 Oct 2010, 09:45
I can relate to this. I think someone is up on something. I have had breast cancer and a brain tumor (cancer). Been relative happy but had some disappointments in life. I can see a relationship here.
Thank you.











Karen
05 Oct 2010, 09:44
This makes sense. I have noticed that when I am in an uncomfortable situation, I tend to start shaking/having tremors. It will start in my right arm and the longer that I am this tough situation, it will spread to my other arm, hips, etc. Once removed from the situation, I begin to relax, but I am extremely tired and sore from the action. Has anyone else experienced this kind of shaking.
gene
05 Oct 2010, 09:37
I've had a recent major 'attitude' change and the arthritis in my hip feels much better than when it was diagnosed 5 yrs ago.

All this kinda makes sense.
Pat
05 Oct 2010, 09:32
Now that I am living alone, I have noticed much less pain and stiffness from my RA when I am in a pleasant social situation with my family and friends. This study is "right on" with my current life style. I would like to know more regarding these type of studues.
Sherry
05 Oct 2010, 09:30
I was rejected by real mother, then adopted, rejected by them and their family, rejected socially (since I was never taught how to socialize), and find it very hard to get and keep real true friends. I have fibromalgia and arthirits both. I am amazed that they are linking these together, I've always wondered why I suffer so much pain, just wish there was a cure or help in this area.
Joan
05 Oct 2010, 09:16
WOW... I can't believe this... I think it's exactly what's been happening with me. I suffered severe rejection from both of my parents growing up, and by the time I was in my late 20's I was diagnosed with osteoarthritis, CFS and Fibromyalgia! Would love to see you follow up more on this subject. Thank you!

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