Getting started lifting weights can be tough. Which exercises should you do? How much weight should you use? How many times should you lift it? We compiled a list of weight training basics to answer your questions.
How long and how often? Two or three weekly 20- to 30-minute weight-training sessions are sufficient to start reaping noticeable benefits, such as improved energy and muscle tone, within four to 12 weeks. Within six months, most people increase their strength 40 percent or more. Give your body at least one recovery day between sessions (although some people may need more, especially in the beginning).
How much weight? Start with a pair of light dumbbell hand weights (2 to 3 pounds for women and 5 to 8 pounds for men). If you can’t do 12 repetitions, the weight is too heavy. If your muscles don’t feel tired after 12 reps, it’s too light. Adjustable weights that can be strapped to wrists or ankles may be convenient for people with arthritis in their hands, but check with the doctor first. You can also use home or gym weight machines, or resistance bands.
How many exercises? For general toning and strength, the American College of Rheumatology and American Council on Exercise recommend completing one set of 8 to 12 repetitions, working the muscle to the point of fatigue.
What kind of exercises? Work all major muscle groups, starting with the larger muscles. Always include exercises for opposing muscles for example, do the biceps and triceps of your arms, and the quadriceps and hamstrings of your thighs). Avoid above-the-shoulder exercises if you have arthritis in your upper body, and talk to your doctor before using leg press machines if you have arthritis in your knees or hips.
How to do it. Lift slowly and smoothly, counting four counts up and four down. Avoid locking (fully straightening) knees or elbows, which stresses joints. Deliberately exhale when lifting, and inhale when lowering.
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