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Conditions > Sjögren's Syndrome > What is Sjögren’s Syndrome?
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What is Sjögren’s Syndrome?

This autoimmune condition involves more than just chronic dry eyes and mouth – it can affect other organs and systems as well.

By Mary Anne Dunkin

A mouth that feels like it's full of cotton or eyes that feel gritty and burn. For many people with Sjögren's syndrome, these are the extent of their symptoms. But for others, dry mouth and eyes are just the beginning.

A disease in which the immune system attacks and damages the body's moisture-producing glands, Sjögren’s can cause dryness of skin and mucous membranes. Dry skin may itch and crack. Dry vaginal tissues may make intercourse painful. A dry throat may make it hard to swallow.

Sjögren’s can also affect other parts of the body. Patients may experience pain, stiffness and swelling in the joints, rashes on the arms and legs related to vasculitis – an inflammation of tiny blood vessels. The lungs, liver and kidneys may become inflamed; some people develop tingling and numbness in the limbs because of neurological involvement.

The syndrome was identified in 1933 by Swedish ophthalmologist Henrik Sjögren, who observed that a large number of his female patients were experiencing dry eyes and mouths, along with their arthritis symptoms. That Dr. Sjögren noticed more women with the condition is not surprising – of the 1 to 4 million people in the U.S. who have the disease, 90 percent are women. Most develop it after age 40.

The disease is classified either as primary Sjögren’s, meaning it exists entirely by itself, or secondary Sjögren’s, meaning it can develop in conjunction with another connective tissue disorder such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or lupus.

Sjögren’s Symptoms and Signs

In addition to dryness of the eyes and mouth, which are known as sicca syndrome, and are the most common indicators of Sjögren’s, symptoms can occur in any part of the body. Here are a few more to look for:

Eyes

  • Itching eyes
  • Feeling something is in the eye

Mouth and throat

  • Difficulty swallowing or eating
  • Loss of sense of taste
  • Difficulty speaking
  • Thick or stringy saliva
  • Mouth sores or pain
  • Hoarseness

Systemic

  • Fatigue
  • Fever
  • Change in color of hands or feet
  • Joint pain or swelling
  • Swollen glands

How is Sjögren’s Diagnosed?

Diagnosing Sjögren’s syndrome is often no easy matter. The average time between onset of symptoms and diagnosis is six years. Symptoms rarely develop rapidly, but tend to evolve over a period of months or years, and are not always present when the patient first visits a rheumatologist or other healthcare provider.

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Linda`
22 Apr 2012, 07:14
Allison find another rheumatologist. Find one that specializes in Sjogren's. It took years for me to get a diagnoses. Find an eye doctor and dentist that understand the symptoms. Call them and ask how many patients they see with Sjogren's. Don't give up. Use drops in your eyes and one that is a cream at night. You can get them over the counter. I have many symptoms. At times they do make my quality of life unpleasant but I work. I ride my horses and care for them myself. I wish you luck

JAN
31 Mar 2012, 07:25
Have any of you checked out celiac disease, which you are born with and have a special gene. you have to have a special test to find it. celiac is reaction to gluten you cannot tolerate it at all. It is an autoimmune disease that causes all kinds of other diseases. check it out and read the symtoms and you may see a cross reference to your symtoms. the only help for celiac is to eat no gluten. often times Sjogrens is from celiac disease, also arthritis, joint pains, and the list goes on. might one to read about it and check it out. I have it and also a lot of what you all are saying. a gluten free diet eliminates a lot of these symtoms.
M Wiedle
02 Feb 2012, 20:57
I have written before but I also wanted to say on the dry eyes and mouths which I have, my optomologist put tear duck plugs in my eyes beneath the lower lid, this takes only about a couple of seconds, and you so not feel anything. It resolved my dry eyes, every so often I go back to have the dr check on them, but all is ok there. I too have artritis in my neck and upper shoulders, feet and hands, not real bad, but at times it becomes worse. I did a lot of research on Sjogrens and I think my sore feet that started 5 years before the dry mouth, is part of it too, plus I have Regnauds which is an autoimmune it affects your hands and feet when they get just a little cold, they turn white and numb, that too started only about 7 years ago, after I had retired from working for 30 years. I would say being tired beyond anything at times, and not being able to sleep beyond 4 hours a night is another symptom I have. My specialist and from the research I did, says once you get one autoimmune, it is possible for your to get any of the 99 autoimmune, so I hope this is all I get.
M Wiedle
02 Feb 2012, 20:43
I have Sjogren's now for about 6 years, symptoms come and go. The blood tests came back negative, then I went to an Rheumatologist and he said the only way to get a complete true diagnoses was a biopsy of the inside of the lower lip, they did this on me and it came back positive plus gave them the total count of whatever else they needed. Sometimes I get very tired and cannot do much plus now and then I get sores in my mouth, but they do go away. It upset me becasue I exercised my whole life and now I have to cut back quite a bit because of Sjogren's and being so exhausted some days. I do not want to take steriods because of the damage they can do and there are so many other choices, that is just how I feel about it, so I take Celerbrix now and again. I try to stay away from medications they all have side affects, but if one day I need it, then I will decide, but for now I am ok but I am also aware of what can happen.
Marj
07 Jan 2012, 21:58
I hope you ladies are reading the advise of other women who have written on other pages under this subject. @ Tawana and Allison You have to be persistant in finding doctors that will help you get diagnosed. You may have to see several specialist before you can get diagnosed. I saw opthamalogist to help with my eyes,they put me on Restasis. All my blood test to this day DO NOT show that I have SS but trust me I have it and you also problably have it. Until I was put on a steroid for a job injury and told my Rheumatoligist that it took all my body aches and joint pain away. She then sent me to otolaryngologist, who removed several saliva glands and tested them for SS. It is a minor procedure. Until then I was finally diagnosed. I have had all these symptoms, fatigue, joint aches, nerve pain, loss of hair, body aches, chest bone pain. swollen glands, severe dry eyes and mouth with bad breath, vaginal dryness, constipation, acid stomach, gas, dry skin, the list goes on. This not in your head. You know your body so be persistent and I know it hard when you are feeling so lousy. I wish you ladies luck, please do not give up there are people out there that will believe you.
Jennifer McGillic
30 Nov 2011, 14:11
I just got diagnosed with this disease and I have several symptoms. My primary care dr. thought I had lupus until I went to a specialist and was told I had Sjogrens syndrome. It seems there's a lot that can go wrong with your body with this and I just wanted to know how bad can it get? I suppose I am looking for advice from someone that knows a lil more than I do.
tawanna maxwell
21 Oct 2011, 23:12
I have the same exact symptoms that Allison Schubert has, I went to Dr. on 13, oct, He put me on a five day med, Methylprednisolone. today is day 3, i dont feel as stiff, but the tingling/numbness in hands is still there. i also have a chronic pain under my rt. rib area, i had my gallbladder out last oct. so i asumed this was from that, but now im not sure? i also have a new odor "down there", i am glad to know im not alone. i am having labs done in two weeks to rule out sjogrins,lupus, or arthytis. i will be glad to know something! tired of living like this! thanks for taking time to read this, and good luck to you all:)
Allison Schubert
16 Oct 2011, 06:21
I have just seen a rheumatologist, had blood tests, xrays and ultrasounds of both hands and feet and some inflammatory activity was noticed around my joints. A steroid shot relieved the stiffness symptoms I had been experiencing. After 6 weeks, I revisited and she said that bloods ruled at sjogren's in my case. However, my eyes, which are terribly dry and have been for several years, are getting worse. My sight has been deterioriating much more quickly than my older husband's. It is not so much that I can't see, but that I strain due to the gritty, dry feeling. My optometrist mentioned that my eyes were dry, but just said to use drops. I have difficulty swallowing at times and my saliva glands feel like they are continually releasing, but there is little actual saliva in my mouth regardless. My vagina has been feeling strangely dry and my mucous has completely changed, and the odour is different, which I had just put down to approaching menopause, until now.
I also have a strange thick feeling under my right rib cage, but xrays and scans do not show anything.
I think I must have sjogren's but when your specialist says no, what should you do?

I am beginning to worry that other things in my body are deteriorating while I endure the endless doctor's visits, constantly being sent away with no diagnosis ...

Please help ...
Allison
ARSAN J DELARAMA
01 Oct 2011, 22:16
i have suffering pain for almost half year on my right knees. i am getting 26 on this coming newyear. most of the time i was playing basketbal when i was employee at brunie darussalam for almost 6 years. i can been my knees and its keeps pain when its rain, how can i heel this pain its getting me insane..allday night long.hope the u can advice me... thanks
Ms Terry
24 Sep 2011, 22:43
Also if you are having skin trouble make sure you are taking Vitamin B with Vit C since "B" needs "C" to absorb properly. It reduces swelling and stiffness it really clears up the skin and mouth problems due to insufficient Vit B. Try not to eat a lot of sugar and HFCS which Candida feed- causing an itchy anus, cracked mouth/lips, tongue, and skin problems. Also add Flaxseed oil to help put the oil back in your system. These things help Fibro sufferers too. It also helps Raynaud suffers (fingers and toes turning blue due to coldness but a Beta tablet will help) since it increases the blood flow.
Ms Terry
24 Sep 2011, 22:34
My finger pain began in 1988 and I realized that when I didn’t drink Pepsi it quit hurting over the years it became all over and much worse. Even when I had children and they were learning to walk I found it difficult for them to hold onto my -PAINFUL. I gained up to almost 200 lbs in the end but had always been skinny.

Since 2009 I several procedure to have my deep vein ablation in both legs (ELVT) which cleared much of my leg pain. It would hurt worse after lying down due to back flow of blood. I found this article on WebMD and copying/pasting a small portion on a study surgery vs ablation (laser):




But I still have to take Adderall occasionally for fatigue when I have it- you might try that because it helped me to function, gave me more motivation to get up, and also to lose the brain fog. Also if you eat out you can't know if it has HFCS or not. But my body tells me and I can tell within two hours of eating/drinking anything that contains HFCS. A vaginal hormone tablet called Vagifem helped with the hormonal part, sweating, and other things. I also take a beta pill sometimes- to increase blood floor- more so when it is cold because I have Raynaud's Syndrome which is worse when it is chilly.
I have seasonal allergies and take eye drops, nasal spray, and a tablet to help with those problems.
But since 1988 I have been doing some research- reading about “The Yeast Syndrome” , Fibro, Arthritis, etc. I feel that they were correct in RE: Yeast which is fed by HFCS and sugar but I feel more rapidly with HFCS. In 2009 I had to have a stent placed in my common bile duct due to a severely infected gallbladder and then had the gallbladder removed. It had Candida so I knew it was true for me. I have quit eating or drinking anything with High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS. now often renamed corn sugar) not only lost weight but lost the Fibromyalgia pretty good. Also drinking a lot of water during the day also seems to help. But I do love my Pepsi Throwback-the Pepsi similar to what we grew up on. But the corn now is a Hybrid so I think some of us are more sensitive to corn products but especially if they have HFCS. I believe that your brain does not register it and neither your body. Think about when your mom made cakes, etc. You didn’t gobble it up as fast as you can gobble up “Twinkies” or “Little Debbie’s” like you can now. You think that was pretty darn good and eat another so you gain a lot of weight.






I do take 2 types of pain meds but am cutting back on the frequency. I had added Tramadol 50 mg with Loritab 10 mg. I have a thyroid problem but it wasn’t found until last year. I knew it would come because my grandmother had it + Raynaud's + other vascular problems it is in the family and I feel that it worsened some symptoms and muddied the waters. I had diabetes but since not eating those items and there isn’t much else to eat I don’t Glucophage in over a year. I went from 170 to 108 lbs, my high school weight! But when you are 52 I think I do need to gain a few pounds back, am working on it but, of course, my husband loves it!
Hope this helps someone.
Sharlene
18 Sep 2011, 23:01
I have Sjogrens,lupus,OA,fibromyalgia,adrenal gland insufficiency,hyperprolactenemia, CHF, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and lumbar stenosis. The connective tissue stuff I have had for years, the rest came after a terrible car accident in 2005. It appeared I had a microadenoma and it seems all hell broke loose after that.I am on prednisone for cortisol replacement as my adrenals failed and my prolactin levels mysteriously rise and fall even now. but I sweat profusly with any physical activity. My arthritis is a mess right now. Just started methotrexate and I'm hoping it won't add to my already terrible fatigue. my rheumatologist and endocrinologist are at a loss for the excessive sweating but it is bad, same thing as Gerri. My hair gets soaking wet. Any advice or treatments from anyone else?
Marie
16 Sep 2011, 08:56
Gerri. I have the same problem but mine I always have because I am sensitive to pain killers. I notice when taken I sweat a lot when I change envirnments. It doesn't matter if I am going from cold to hot or hot to cold, dry to moist I sweat really bad for the first 30 min sometimes longer and then it isn't so bad. Thought that might help you!
Gerri
08 Sep 2011, 12:40
I have RA, OA, Osteoporosis, Fibromyalgia & Sjogrens. My mouth cracks at the corners every 2-3wks to the point where it is scared. I sweat profusely and I am wondering if this is related to Sjogrens. My rheumatoligist doesn't seem to know. It is so bad I become literally drenched whenever I do anything semi-physical like doing dishes, folding laundry etc. My hair becomes totally wet like I just stepped out of the shower. It is really embarrassing!
Roseheart
07 Sep 2011, 23:18
At 52 years of age I was diagnosed with Polyartritis Nodosa (a.k.a. PAN) which was confirmed by having a biopsy. Although, at first when I was admitted to the hospital they misdiagnosed me having Fibromyalgia. My RA Specialist was the one who in fact suspected it was a type of Vasculitis but we need to have the biopsy done to determine what kind I had. I am still on Prednisone and Methotrexate by injection for my PAN, and I also take Plaquenil for my RA. I was also experiencing great fatigue and my eyes burned all the time prior to being diagnosed with PAN. I had a bout of epicleritis when I was in the hospital but they kept telling me it was dry in the hospital so just put up with it and they gave me natural tear drops to use. Only after I went to my own RA specialist did she diagnose me with epicleritis and I had to see an opthamologist who confirmed it and prescribed Prednisone Eye Drops for me. I was told that I also have Sjogrens--esp. dry eyes and dry mouth. Albeit this all happened in November 2009 and I am still not able to return to work. When the doctor starts reducing the Prednisone the symptoms flare up again and I have to start back at the high doses of medication just to keep the disease in check. It's an awful way to live, but I've learned to take the good with the bad and am grateful to be alive today, thanks to the wonderful RA specialist who saved my life!
Denise
03 Sep 2011, 14:45
I was diagnosed with Sjogren's with a biopsy.
I am sero-negative. My symptoms are complicated with osteoarthritis & fibromyalgia. For almost 25 years now I have had dry eyes/dry mouth, but the bulk of my aggravation is the joint pain. Fibro pain I can deal with, this other is
sometimes debilitating. I take have been on Plaquenil for 16 yrs, and now take Mobic. It's not normal, but it is my normal. I do well, but now need to consider disability. I was young when I was diagnosed, so at 53 I'm wearing out. Life goes on!!!!
Lisa
02 Sep 2011, 16:05
I have classic symptoms of Sjogrens--esp. dry eyes. The other symptoms are much the same as those of RA, which I have, too. My opthamologist recommended Blink drops (OTC) for my eyes, and it helps. I will ask my rheumy doctor if I have positive ANA test (get lab work every 2 mos.); read that 70% of Sjogrens sufferers test positive for this.

I'm pretty sure I have this; besides the eye drops, however, the meds I currently take for RA (prednisone, methotrexate, Enbrel) should be alleviating the Sjogrens symptoms, too. As for rashes/itching, I've found tea tree oil, applied with damp cotton ball, helps a lot. I began using it for toenail fungus (thanks, RA); its antifungal, antibacterial, antiseptic qualities work well on rashes, cuts, etc. I also use DermaE's Tea Tree Oil/Vitamin E Antiseptic Cream (about $10 for good-size jar--& it's organic) with good results.
Bonnie Larzalere
09 Aug 2011, 17:20
I have experienced dry eyes, dry mouth and pain which starts in my toes and feet and travels upward into my body and sometimes ends with flushing. I have had the pain for several years, starting out as a mild, tolerable condition. It has become much more intense and disturbs my sleep. In the last few months I have developed swollen lips, sore tongue and mouth. Brushing my teeth or eating certain foods causes burning and irritation. I have had rashes around the rectum, under arms and between my fingers.

What would you sugjest I do?
ida watters
09 Aug 2011, 16:49
I experience pain and swelling on my hands and also dicoloration of fingers and toes when I touch ice or when I get cold.

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